What will GPS stand-alone approaches include on the chart heading?

The correct choice indicates that GPS stand-alone approaches will be represented on the chart heading as RNAV (GNSS). This designation signifies that the approach utilizes Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for navigation, which includes GPS as a component.

When a pilot is using a GPS stand-alone approach, it means the aircraft's navigation relies primarily on GPS signals, which is consistent with the modern advancements in navigation technology. RNAV (GNSS) approaches are designed to provide high levels of accuracy and precision, enabling pilots to execute approaches to runways that might otherwise be challenging to access through traditional navigation systems.

In addition, RNAV (GNSS) encompasses a variety of satellite-based navigation systems, which have largely supplanted older methods such as VOR or ILS for certain approaches. This makes the RNAV (GNSS) designation particularly relevant in the context of modern aviation, where satellite navigation systems are widely used for various types of flight operations, including approaches and departures.

This recognition of RNAV (GNSS) highlights its role in the current aviation landscape, promoting enhanced safety and efficiency in flight operations, especially in cases where conventional ground-based navigation aids may not be available or feasible.