In which situation can a pilot request a contact approach?

A contact approach is a type of approach that allows a pilot to proceed visually to the airport, typically after receiving clearance from air traffic control (ATC). The fundamental requirement for a contact approach is that the pilot must have visual reference to the airport and must remain in the vicinity of the airport while executing the approach.

In this situation, the correct answer emphasizes that a contact approach can only be requested when traffic permits and an Instrument Approach Procedure (IAP) is available. This ensures that the pilot has the necessary conditions to safely continue towards the airport while navigating based on visual cues instead of solely relying on instrument guidance. It also ensures that there is coordination with ATC to maintain safe spacing and sequencing with other aircraft in the vicinity.

The availability of an IAP provides the pilot with a structured way to transition from the en-route phase to the landing phase, maintaining safety and situational awareness. This means that even though the pilot is operating under visual conditions, there are established procedures to guide the approach, which is essential for safety.

The other scenarios presented would not meet the criteria necessary for a contact approach. For instance, flying in VFR conditions without ATC clearance or an established IAP could lead to uncoordinated maneuvers and potential